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Kresna Konsultan Skripsi Yogyakarta: Konsep Willingness to Pay (skripsi dan tesis)
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Households' Willingness to Pay for Improved Water Supply: Application of the Contingent Valuation Method; Evidence from Jigjiga Town, Ethiopia, thesis willingness to pay. Lamessa Tariku.
Shimelis K Hundie. Shimelis Kebede. Download PDF Download Full PDF Package This paper. A short summary of this paper. Download PDF. Download Full PDF Package. Translate PDF. Understanding this fact, the government and NGOs are currently carrying out several activities to improve the coverage and quality of water supply.
To this end, willingness to pay of households that are expected to be benefited from the project should be analysed. The central objective of this study is, hence, to estimate Willingness to Pay WTP of households for better-quality water service provision and identify its determinants by using Contingent Valuation Method CVM in Jigjiga city, thesis willingness to pay.
We estimate Willingness to Pay WTP for better quality of water supply service on cross-sectional survey of households in Jigjiga city taking sample households randomly drawn. The highest relative WTP for improved water supply service was found in the city with the highest percentage of respondents being unsatisfied with the current water supply both in terms of quality and quantity.
Response to the hypothetical scenario shown that sampled households stated that their mean WTP of 94 cents per 20 litres. The results of logit model 1Shemelis Kebede Hundie, Lecturer Department of Economics, Jigjiga University, Ethiopia:E-mail: shimelis.
kebede jju. et 2Lamessa Tariku AbdisaPhD candidate in Economics at the University of Milan, Italy :E-mail: lamessa. abdisa unimi. it Year XIX no. The implication is that it is better take into account the socio-economic characteristics of the households in planning and designing water supply projects, thesis willingness to pay, which may serve to set rigorous demand oriented projects that can sustain the service delivery.
Keywords: Willingness to Pay, Contingent Valuation Method, Improved Water Service, Jigjiga JEL Classifications: Q50, Q Introduction Access to and use of thesis willingness to pay drinking water has a great contribution to health, productivity, and social development. Fresh safe water is essential for the survival and well-being of humankind. In Sub-Saharan Africa, for instance, the proportion of the population that depends on unimproved sources has declined only slightly, from 52 percent in to 44 percent in UNDP, As part of the Millennium Development Goals, the international community has set a goal of reducing the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water by 50 percent by compared to its level in UN, Year XIX no.
The problem is compounded in rural areas of the country where it is obligatory to travel more than an hour to fetch water. These long hours spent in fetching water take a significant amount of time that could be employed in other income-generating activities and has an implication on production and productivity. Recognizing the deep-rooted drinking water problem in the country, the current government of Ethiopia has increased resource allocation to provide safe drinking water for its population, thesis willingness to pay.
As a result, the proportion of government budget that goes to water and sanitation service development grew from 2. As a result, access to improved water supply increased from about 19 percent to However, access to quality water services still varies greatly across geographic regions of the country.
For instance, of the total population in Ethiopia Somali regional state, only 9. This figure shows low proportion of the population in the region is getting safe drinking water compared to other regions of Ethiopia. Jigjiga city has a critical water-supply problem.
A few wells were drilled with assistance from Non-governmental organizations and are in Year XIX no. However, the existing water supply is unable to meet the current water demand in the city. The rapid population thesis willingness to pay aggravated the water problem of the city. To improve the water supply situation of the city the old boreholes need rehabilitation.
The pumps and all the pipelines also need replacement. The construction of additional boreholes is also needed to fulfil the current demand. However, thesis willingness to pay, all these activities require high capital outlays. The service beneficiaries are required to pay for the improved water services. Thus, to improve the water supply situation of the city, demand side information is highly required. This demand side information enables policy makers to design appropriate water tariff that is consistent with government policy and enhance the long- term viability of the service.
Literature Review The willingness to pay WTP survey for safe drinking water has been conducted in many places in both developed and developing counties using different methods of analysis, among which CVM is the most commonly applied one.
It is argued that studies employing this method in environmental research have witnessed robust progress. In particular, with advances in the use of econometric analysis, survey thesis willingness to pay methods, sampling and experimental design, it enabled better understanding of consumer preferences and policy applications in the last 50 years Smith, cited in Zelalem and Fekadu, Since this study will employ CVM, few empirical studies among the many that used CVM and those relevant to this study will be reviewed in this section.
Both binary and ordered probit models were used to examine the determinants of willingness to pay. Results indicate that households using water purification methods earn better annual income, participated during the early phase of project implementation and are spending more thesis willingness to pay in fetching water and hence are more likely to pay.
Whereas those households with large family members, which use reliable water sources from convenient water points and got higher starting bid values are less likely to pay, thesis willingness to pay. This implies the need to take the specific characteristics of rural households and their service level demand into account in planning rural water supply projects, which may contribute to set sound cost thesis willingness to pay system that can sustain the service delivery.
The study used primary data obtained from a survey on randomly selected rural households. The authors used double bounded dichotomous choice elicitation method administered by face to face interview. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and bivariate probit model.
Response to the hypothetical scenario shown that sampled households expressed their WTP with a mean WTP of The results of bivariate probit model revealed that household income, education, sex, time spent to fetch water, water treatment practice, quality of water and expenditure on water have positive and significant effects on WTP for improved water service provision, while age of the respondent has a negative and significant effect. Ahmad, Haq and Mustafa analysed willingness to pay for improved water service in Abbottabad district using contingent Year XIX no.
Systematic random sampling technique was adopted for the collection of data. The study used Multinomial Logistic model to estimate the effects of thesis willingness to pay independent variables on the WTP.
Whittington et al. The findings of this study showed that households have both ability and willingness to pay for improved public water system. The study also indicates that if the improved public water system constructed water services can be provided to the people at lower prices below private vendor's price and thesis willingness to pay welfare would be increased. A Contingent Valuation Method CVM was employed to households in the state for analysis regarding to the services and probit model was used to analyse the data obtained through the survey.
The results show that bid price, household income and household size have statistically significant impact on WTP and they are as expected in earlier studies. The calculated mean WTP is RM 0. The new water price can be recommended for any Year XIX no.
Nam and Son used CVM and Choice Modeling CM to assess household demand for the improved water service in Ho Chi Minch city, Vietnam. The study employed the logarithmic random utility model thesis willingness to pay the CVM study and the multinomial Logit for the Choice Modelling to analyze survey responses. The study also used Turnbull estimates for non-piped water households to see the surveyed households' willingness to pay at various connection fee levels.
The findings from the CVM study indicate that the coefficients of household size, number of children in the households, water pressure and composite income household income and bid price were found significant for piped water. And the coefficients of fridge, bottle and composite income household income and bid price were found statistically significant for non- piped one. The findings of this study also clearly indicate that the probability of yes decreases with the increase in the availability of water, and increases with the increase in composite income and increase in household size.
The study result also shows that those households who owns fridge and uses bottled water have no willingness to pay for the improved water services. The results of the choice modelling indicated that the coefficients of the three attributes namely, monthly water bill, water quality and water pressure had expected sign and statistically significant.
Therefore, the given literature above provided some sound footings to this study to value households WTP for improved water supply in Jigjiga town, thesis willingness to pay. Materials and Methods Year XIX no. Located in the Jigjiga Zone approximately 80 km east of Harar and 60 km west of the border with Somalia, this city has an elevation of 1, meters above sea level.
The city is located on the main road between Harar and the Somali city of Hargeisa, and is known for incense production. According to data from the Central Statistical Agency inJigjiga has an estimated total population of 98, of whom 50, are men and 47, thesis willingness to pay, are women. The census reported this town had a total population of 65, of whom 33, were men and 32, women. The total population of Jigjiga city increased and reachedas of This city is the largest settlement in Thesis willingness to pay woreda.
The climate of Thesis willingness to pay is semi-arid, with the influence of mountain climate, with hot and dry summers and cold winters. This is ascribed to the fact that Jigjiga is situated on a plain surrounded by mountains and to its distance to the sea and its effects.
The study mainly depends on primary sources of data. The data used for the analysis of the study will be collected from Jigjiga town. Jigjiga town is classified in to ten administrative kebeles. Six kebeles based on their severity of water supply problem namely: kebele 01, 02, 03, 06, thesis willingness to pay and 09 were included in the sample.
Value Propositions and Willingness to Pay (Ed Leake of AdEvolver) - ProfitWell Report
, time: 2:37Kresna Konsultan Skripsi Yogyakarta: Konsep Willingness to Pay (skripsi dan tesis)
Thesis Willingness To Pay For Organic Products, Social Networking Sites Boon Or Bane Essay Writer, How To Make My Essay Stand Out, Research Essay Topic Proposal ABSTRACT OF THESIS Background: As rural hospitals in Kentucky face insolvency, stakeholders must assess the value of rural hospitals as well as alternatives such as rural clinics and private physician offices. Objective: To identify the value of attributes of healthcare facilities based on Kentucky’s rural residents’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) Over the years, our writing service has Willingness To Pay Thesis gained an excellent Willingness To Pay Thesis reputation for its contribution in students’ academic success. Today, thanks to our popularity and spotless image with users, our servers are overwhelmed with clients’ desperate pleas of “write an essay for me” while our writing masterminds tend to their needs
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